Are you aware that rice may contain significant amounts of arsenic depending on where it is grown and how it's cooked. Did you know continuous exposure might raise risks of cancer and or other diseases. I hate to be the bearer of bad news, but better to be aware than sorry.
We love rice and truthfully I was not aware of this threat until recently and then I didn't take it that seriously until I read that arsenic is a carcinogen and that brown rice is worse than white rice and organic doesn't always make a difference. Oy!!
Arsenic in Rice: Understanding the Risks and How to Protect Yourself
What is Arsenic?
Arsenic is a naturally occurring element found in the Earth's crust. It can be present in both organic and inorganic forms, with inorganic arsenic being the more toxic type. Arsenic can enter our food supply through water, soil, and even air. In the case of rice, the grain tends to absorb more arsenic from the environment compared to other crops due to the way it is grown—often in flooded fields where arsenic in water and soil is more easily absorbed by the plants.
Why is Rice Particularly Affected?
Rice is grown in flooded paddies, which makes it highly susceptible to absorbing arsenic from the local water and surrounding soil. This is because arsenic is often present in the groundwater, and rice plants take up more water than other crops. There are two main types of arsenic found in rice:
- Inorganic Arsenic: This form of arsenic is the most harmful and is commonly found in rice. Long-term exposure may lead to serious health issues such as cancer, heart disease, and developmental problems in children.
- Organic Arsenic: While still toxic, organic arsenic is generally considered less harmful than inorganic arsenic. It is often found in seafood but can also be present in rice.
Who is Most Vulnerable to Arsenic Exposure?
Certain populations are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of arsenic. These groups should be especially cautious about their rice consumption:
Infants and Young Children: Children are more sensitive to toxins like arsenic because of their developing organs and higher relative food intake. Babies who consume rice-based products, such as rice cereal, are at a higher risk due to their smaller body size.
Pregnant Women: Expecting mothers are at greater risk because arsenic exposure during pregnancy can harm fetal development. Arsenic has been linked to low birth weight and developmental delays in babies.
People with Chronic Kidney or Liver Conditions: Arsenic is processed by the liver and kidneys, so those with pre-existing conditions may have a harder time eliminating the toxin from their bodies.
People Who Consume Large Amounts of Rice: Individuals who rely heavily on rice as a main food source, especially in cultures where rice is a staple, may be at an increased risk simply due to the volume they consume.
How to Reduce the Risks of Arsenic in Rice
While avoiding rice altogether may not be practical for many people, there are several ways to minimize your exposure to arsenic:
Rinse Rice Thoroughly, better yet- soak the rice overnight: Before cooking, rinse rice under cold water for several minutes to wash away some of the arsenic. Studies have shown that rinsing can reduce arsenic levels by up to 30%. Even better- soak rice overnight and then rinse. This will eliminate even greater amounts of arsenic.
Cook Rice with Extra Water: Use a higher ratio of water to rice when cooking—approximately six parts water to one part rice. Once the rice is cooked, drain any excess water. This method has been shown to reduce arsenic levels by up to 60%.
Choose Rice from Safer Sources: Some rice-growing regions have lower levels of arsenic than others. For example, rice grown in the U.S. states of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas tends to have higher arsenic levels due to the soil and water conditions. In contrast, rice from California or parts of India may have lower arsenic concentrations. Look for rice brands that specifically label their products as “low-arsenic.”
Diversify Your Grain Intake: To reduce the overall arsenic exposure, try to incorporate a variety of grains into your diet. Quinoa and gluten-free oats are excellent alternatives that tend to have lower levels of arsenic compared to rice.
Choose White Rice Over Brown Rice: While brown rice is often touted as a healthier option due to its higher fiber content, it actually tends to have higher levels of arsenic compared to white rice. This is because arsenic accumulates in the outer layers of the rice grain, which are removed during the processing of white rice. If you prefer brown rice for its nutritional benefits, just be sure to rinse it well and cook it using extra water.
Limit Rice-Based Products for Babies: Rice-based snacks, cereals, and formula are popular choices for infants and toddlers, but it’s best to limit their consumption to reduce the risks of arsenic exposure. Consider rotating rice with other cereals like oatmeal, millet, or wheat.
Cook Rice in a Pressure Cooker: Using a pressure cooker may help reduce arsenic levels further by cooking the rice faster and allowing more water to be absorbed.
Final Thoughts
While it may be impossible to eliminate the risk entirely, there are several simple steps you can take to reduce exposure. By rinsing and or soaking rice, using extra water when cooking, and choosing lower-arsenic rice varieties, you can enjoy this nutritious staple with greater peace of mind. Diversifying your grains and limiting rice-based products for young children can also go a long way in keeping arsenic exposure to a minimum.
As always, knowledge is power, and by staying informed, you can make healthier choices for you and your family.
Additional Sources of helpful information.
Watch this video to find lowest levels for purchasing rice: Rice and Arsenic
You may also be interested in the following articles:
(click on title to link to each of the articles)
- How to Cook Rice to Lower Arsenic Levels
- Arsenic in Infant Rice Cereal
- Arsenic in Rice Milk, Rice Krispies, and Brown Rice Syrup
- How Risky Is the Arsenic in Rice?
- How Much Arsenic in Rice Is Too Much?
- Is White Rice a Yellow-Light or Red-Light Food?
- Do the Pros of Brown Rice Outweigh the Cons of Arsenic?
- Benefits of Turmeric for Arsenic Exposure
The Consumers Union (link to their site), is an organization that publishes Consumer Reports and has been alerting the public to these concerns
Which brands of rice have the least arsenic ( link to article)
How Risky Is the Arsenic in Rice? ( link to article)
Read this article for more information about cancer and other health concerns related to arsenic exposure : Rice and Arsenic Best Sources
